What is pancreatitis in pets? 

The pancreas is a small glandular organ located below the stomach that produces the hormones insulin and glucagon. The pancreas also secretes digestive enzymes that are essential to break down nutrients in the small intestine. 

A disruption in normal pancreatic function can result in pancreatitis, a painful and potentially life-threatening inflammatory condition that is common in dogs and cats. Abnormal release and activation of digestive enzymes like lipase can lead to pancreatic inflammation, tissue damage, toxin release, and damage to other organs such as the liver. Additionally, pets with pancreatitis have an increased risk for developing diabetes, abnormal bleeding or clotting problems, and brain damage. 

In some cases, there is no definitive cause for pancreatitis in pets. Breeds such as miniature schnauzers, cocker spaniels, dachshunds, and Yorkshire terriers also have an increased risk of developing pancreatitis. However, feeding your dog a rich, fatty meal or treat is the most common culprit. It is unknown if ingesting a fatty meal can cause pancreatitis in cats because more than 95 percent of cat pancreatitis cases have no identifiable underlying cause. Numerous pancreatitis risk factors exist for cats and dogs, including:

• Trauma to the pancreas 
• Pancreatic tumors
• Hormonal imbalances (i.e., hypothyroidism, diabetes)
• Insecticide exposure (i.e., organophosphate)
• Certain medications (i.e., chemotherapy agents, sulfa drugs)
• Irritable bowel disease in cats
• Toxoplasmosis in cats
• Feline distemper infection

Pancreatitis signs in pets

Signs of pancreatitis vary in pets and depend on the underlying cause and duration. Many affected cats will not show any obvious disease signs, and some cats may develop a concurrent fatty liver. Common signs may include: 

• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain
• Lethargy
• Weakness
• Decreased appetite
• Weight loss
• Dehydration
• Fever
• Irregular heartbeat
• Low temperature in cats
• Yellow skin in cats 

Pancreatitis diagnosis and treatment in pets

Bring your pet in for immediate veterinary care if they have pancreatitis signs. Pancreatitis is painful to pets and can be deadly without treatment. Diagnosing pancreatitis can be challenging because it is not uncommon for multiple organ systems to be affected, and signs often mimic other diseases. Tell your veterinarian if your pet has had access to the garbage, a new treat, or any human food. Diagnostic testing may include a complete blood count and serum biochemistry test to check for systemic inflammation and overall organ function and to rule out underlying medical problems. Specialized blood tests to measure pancreatic enzyme levels also may be recommended. Other diagnostics may include advanced imaging such as an ultrasound or X-ray to examine the size, shape, and function of the pancreas.

In most cases, pets with pancreatitis will require a long-term hospitalization for stabilization and treatment. Fortunately, most pets who receive aggressive care and who do not have underlying medical conditions will recover. Treatments may include:

• Blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature monitoring 
• Intravenous fluids for dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and pancreatic support
• Pain medication
• Anti-nausea medication
• Gastroprotectant medications
• Antibiotics
• B12 vitamin injections
• Specialized diet

Financial options for your pet’s pancreatitis treatment

Pets undergoing pancreatitis treatment may require an extended hospital stay and several checkups, which can be expensive. Purchasing a pet health insurance plan like Trupanion when your pet is young will ensure funds are available for their emergency care. Trupanion can pay your veterinary clinic directly, which eliminates the need to submit paperwork and wait for reimbursements. Other financial options available to cover treatment costs include: 

• Care Credit 
• Scratch Pay 
• Pet health savings account 
• Short-term loans 

Pancreatitis prevention in pets

Pancreatitis is not always preventable because the underlying cause cannot always be determined. However, you can decrease your pet’s risk by: 

• Not feeding them any people food, especially rich, fatty food
• Providing them with a complete and balanced diet, including pet-safe treats
• Bringing them in for yearly or more frequent veterinary visits to identify any underlying diseases and pancreatitis risks
• Not changing their diet without consulting your family veterinarian
• Helping them maintain a healthy weight 

Call your family veterinarian right away if your pet has pancreatitis signs. If you need help after hours, contact Animal Emergency Care and bring your pet in for immediate treatment. #AECprevents

Sources:

https://veterinarypartner.vin.com/default.aspx?pid=19239&id=4952412

https://veterinarypartner.vin.com/default.aspx?pid=19239&id=4951457

https://www.merckvetmanual.com/digestive-system/the-exocrine-pancreas/pancreatitis-in-dogs-and-cats

https://www.aaha.org/your-pet/pet-owner-education/ask-aaha/Pancreatitis-in-Pets

https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/cornell-feline-health-center/health-information/feline-health-topics/feline-pancreatitis

The post The Trickiness of Treats: Understanding Pet Pancreatitis appeared first on Animal Emergency Care (AEC) Bellingham, WA.

#1: Osteoarthritis in pets

Age is not a disease, but your pet’s organs and body may begin to show signs of wear and tear as they approach their grey muzzle years. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint and bone condition that is common in middle-aged and senior pets. However, any pet may develop osteoarthritis or degenerative joint problems. Pets who previously have experienced dislocated joints, or bone, ligament, or tendon trauma have an increased risk for osteoarthritis. In fact, more than 20% of dogs may experience joint problems in their life and more than 40% of cats may suffer from degenerative joint disease. Like human joints, your pet’s joints are protected by cartilage which provides a smooth surface for their bones to glide over during movement. Erosion of the cartilage over time can lead to chronic inflammation and pain. Recognizing osteoarthritis signs in pets may be challenging because they may mimic other disease signs or problems. Bring your pet in for a veterinary examination if they show the following:

• Limping
• Hunched posture
• Urinating or defecating outside of the litter box in cats
• Muscle atrophy
• Difficulty moving, getting up, or lying down
• Irritability when touched or picked up

#2: Intervertebral disc disease in pets

Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) occurs when the cushioning disc between the spinal column bones, or vertebrae, bulges or slips out of its normal location. Bulging discs can lead to neuropathic pain in pets because of pressure or damage to the surrounding nerves. IVDD also can cause paralysis in severe cases and requires immediate veterinary care. Additionally, activities such as running or jumping can cause a ruptured disc. Small breed dogs such as dachshunds have an increased risk of IVDD because of their body shape, but pets of any breed can experience the disease, especially those who are obese. Bring your pet in for a veterinary examination if they have any of the following IVDD signs:

• Abnormal walking or knuckling over of the paws 
• Reluctance to jump or climb stairs
• Weakness in the rear limbs 
• Vocalization
• Anxious behavior
• Tense muscles or hunched posture
• Decreased appetite
• Difficulty posturing to eliminate

#3: Pancreatitis in pets

It can be hard to resist your pet’s drooling stares at your dinner plate, and it may be tempting to give them the last bite of steak. However, feeding your pet fatty, rich treats can lead to pancreatitis. The painful, potentially deadly inflammatory condition is often caused by the sudden release of pancreatic digestive enzymes. Pancreatitis is more common in dogs, but cats also can be affected. Pets who have pancreatitis are at risk for dehydration and organ damage and should receive immediate veterinary care. Pancreatitis severity and signs are variable and pets with mild signs may not require hospitalization. Signs of pancreatitis may include:

• Lethargy
• Decreased appetite
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea 
• Fever
• Abdominal pain

#4: Periodontal disease in pets

Many pet owners dislike their pet’s smelly “dog breath” and may mistake the odor as normal. However, bad breath is often the first clue that your pet is suffering from painful periodontal disease. Dental disease is a common problem in pets, and more than 80% of dogs and cats will have dental problems by the time they are 3 years old. Dental disease is a progressive condition and over time dangerous oral bacteria can lead to loose teeth, gum inflammation, or painful tooth abscesses which may require surgery. Oral bacteria also can travel through the bloodstream and cause life-threatening kidney, liver, or heart infections. Pets who have dental disease often will continue to eat, which can make it challenging for pet owners to recognize their pet is in pain. Bring your pet in for a veterinary examination if they have bad breath or exhibit the following signs:

• Excessive drooling
• Decreased appetite
• Swollen or red gums
• Irritability or increased hiding in cats
• Abnormal or difficulty chewing
• Dropping food from the mouth while eating
• Refusal or reluctance to take hard treats
• Swelling around the mouth
• Nasal discharge
• Bleeding from the mouth or blood on chew toys
• Pain when touching the mouth or face

#5: Traumatic injuries in pets 

Traumatic injuries in pets can range from a mild skin abrasion to a more severe injury such as a broken leg. Pets who have suffered a severe trauma, such as being struck by a car or falling from any height, often have multiple injuries, including internal injuries that may not be immediately obvious. Do not wait to bring your pet in for a veterinary examination if they have experienced any trauma, even if they are not showing obvious signs of pain. Common trauma signs may include:

• Limping or inability to walk or stand up on all four legs
• Puncture wounds from another animal
• Swelling on any part of the body
• Active bleeding anywhere that does not stop after five minutes
• Bleeding from the mouth, nose, ears, or rectum, or when urinating
• Exposed tissue, bones, or muscles
• Yelping, meowing, or barking when touched or moved

Call your family veterinarian if you suspect your pet has been injured or is experiencing any of the conditions described here. However, if they are showing signs of pain after hours, call Animal Emergency Care. #AECprevents

Sources:

https://www.petmd.com/dog/centers/nutrition/evr_multi_how-to-recognize-arthritis-signs-in-pets

https://www.aaha.org/your-pet/pet-owner-education/ask-aaha/Pancreatitis-in-Pets

https://www.petmd.com/dog/conditions/neurological/c_dg_intervertebral_disc_disease

https://www.aaha.org/globalassets/05-pet-health-resources/mobilitymatters.pdf

https://www.merckvetmanual.com/digestive-system/the-exocrine-pancreas/pancreatitis-in-dogs-and-cats

The post 5 Common Painful Conditions in Pets appeared first on Animal Emergency Care (AEC) Bellingham, WA.